译文（字数 3433）

环境法院的评估调解

简·克劳福德

负责人，奥克兰规划有限公司

资源管理的理论与实践，2008，8（1）：2-31

引言

载于1991年的资源管理法（RMA或行动）的新西兰规划模式是具有合理适应性的。合理适应的方法一方面涉及研究和分析，另一方面涉及公众咨询和参与。在对这个模式的实施中，科学方法为它提供了当公众参与影响政策和形成承诺时，预测政策发展的数据和信息，评估公众参与咨询的有效性、计划的效率以及这个过程，是新西兰规划模式的一个组成部分，这个过程也能够使更加好的政策得以制定和实施。

环境纠纷的解决是RMA促进其目的，实现自然资源可持续管理许多方面的其中一个。参与权，社区赋权和能力建设是加强可持续管理的基本要素。在这个过程中，调解赋予组织对解决纠纷的和成果的所有权负责的权利。因此，它有助于促进可持续管理。尽管环境纠纷的解决包括调解的技术，但在地方政府中还是没有得到广泛的应用。通过学习如何使用这些计划来做的更好，是提高规划实践的一个好的机会。

外文原文（字符数 10984）

Evaluating mediation in the Environment Court

Jan Crawford

Director, Planning Consultants Ltd, Auckland

Resource Management Theory and Practice,2008,8(1):2-31

INTRODUCTION 

The New Zealand planning model, as set out in the Resource Management Act 1991 (the RMA or the Act), is rational-adaptive. Rational-adaptive approaches involve an iterative relationship between research and analysis on one hand, and public consultation and participation on the other. In this model, scientific methods provide data and information that informs policy development while public participation shapes the policy and builds commitment to its implementation. Evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of plans and processes is an integral part of the model and leads to better policy-making and implementation.

Environmental conflict resolution is one of the many ways in which the RMA promotes achievement of its purpose - sustainable management of natural and physical resources (s 5). Participation, community empowerment and capacity-building are elements underpinning sustainable management. Mediation empowers the parties to take responsibility for resolving disputes and, in the process, ownership of the outcomes. It therefore assists in promoting sustainable management. Notwithstanding, environmental conflict resolution techniques, including mediation, are not widely used in local government. There is an opportunity to improve planning practice by learning how to make better use of these methods.