摘要：大学，从古代的学园演变为当今社会的高等教育学府，随着社会的演变，大学的数量和学生的增多，越来越成为社会发展的中坚力量，也越来越成为众人关注的焦点。在国与国之间的竞争加剧的今天，对于人才的依赖越来越重要，大学的作用，也随之而愈加高涨和明显，其重要性已经上升到国家之间的利益问题。知识的保存、传授、传播、应用和创新，文明的传承与进步，人才的发掘与培育，科学的发展及技术的创新，社会文明的发展与演变，人的理智的健全和完善，不同文化间的交流与碰撞，等等。无不依赖着大学，可以说，今日之“大学”，成为了人类社会发展的“动力源泉”之一。对于中国，引进现代式大学的时间尚短，究竟如何让我们的大学为国家的社稷贡献其应有的力量？美国一些优秀大学在其走过的路程中，有哪些优点值得我们汲取？其主要的绩效又是什么？我们能不能依照其路子，也成为我们国家大学沿革的蓝本？

　　　本文试图通过对美国大学的了解，对其作用机制的探究，及认识其中的优劣，反省和思考我国大学现在的不足，寻求一个相对合理而有力的出路。了解和探讨美国大学的高等教育发展历史沿革，为我们的政策方针制定提供参考。对于在美国大学的发展史上，留意其中的突破性改革和创新所带给我们的启示，供与社会各界人士商榷和权衡，为我国建设大学、发展大学、大学改革提供一定参考依据。对于美国大学在发展过程中取得的成就，给予肯定，并讨论其是否也可在中国大地上生根发芽，是否也可以让其优秀的传统在我们的土壤里得以成长。

关键词： 大学  创新机制  绩效

ABSTRACT：University, evolved from the ancient garden of the social institution of higher education, as the development of the society, increase in the number of students and the University, becoming the backbone of social development, has increasingly become the focus of public concern.In the competition between nations intensified today, more and more important to rely on talent, the role of the University, but also more and more high and clear, its importance has risen to the interests between countries.Knowledge preservation, teaching, dissemination, application and innovation, inheritance and progress of civilization, develop and foster talent, innovation and development of science and technology, development and evolution of social civilization, human reason and perfect, the exchanges and collisions among different cultures, end so on.All depend on the University, can say, today's "University", become the development of the human society "power source" one.For China, the introduction of modern university for only a short time, how to make our university as a national country with its power?!The United States of America some of the best university in the distance traveled, what are the advantages we should learn?!What is its main performance?We can according to the way, also be our country University blueprint evolution?!

　　　This paper attempts to American University understanding, research on the innovation mechanism, and the understanding of the pros and cons, reflect and think about problems in our country's university now, for a relatively reasonable and effective way.To understand and explore the development of higher education in American University history, provide a reference for our policy formulation.In the history of the development of American University, attention to the breakthrough of reform and innovation to our enlightenment, for discussion and balance and social people from all walks of life, for the building of our country University University university reform, development, provide a reference.Give affirmation for American University made in the course of development, achievement, whether also can take root in China and discussed, whether can also let the excellent traditional grow in our soil.

Keywords：university；Innovation mechanism；Performance