摘要:淮安地处苏北平原中部，由于历史原因，农业发达，工业基础薄弱，在这种情况下，小企业数量众多，分布广泛，大型企业较少，中小企业是社会主义市场经济下最有活力的成分，发展迅猛，对经济发展，就业工程，科技创新都做出了巨大的贡献。然而与之作用不相对称的是淮安市中小企业面临融资难的问题，企业资金主要依赖内源性融资，外部融资渠道多元，现阶段的民间融资很多有高利贷性质，银行贷款需求大，但因经营和财务原因很难获得信贷且易受所有制影响。虽然市政府和中小企业局出台过相关文件，但此问题依然很难解决。由于信息不对称，银行为规避风险，仍施行服务大企业为主的信贷政策，缺乏有效的评级和风控手段，激励考核机制不完善，作为分支行易受信贷调控的影响，缺乏与担保机构的合作。但在利率市场化推进中商业银行应走出传统误区，明确自身地位，提高风控水平，建立全员联动的考核机制，合理设置贷款任务，加强银保合作。在实践中淮安市银行业应该创新思路共同促进中小企业发展。

关键词 中小企业；间接融资；金融风险

Abstract:Huaian is located in the central plains of northern Jiangsu. Due to historical reasons, agriculture developed, weak industrial base, in this case, a large number of small businesses, are widely distributed. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the most dynamic socialist market components.Rapid development, employment projects, technological innovation have made a great contribution to economic development.Contrast effect, however, does not correspond to known problems facing financing difficulties of SME in Huaian, enterprise funds are mainly dependent on endogenous financing, external financing channels yuan, a lot of private financing at this stage nature of usury, the demand for bank loans, but operational and financial reasons difficult to obtain credit and are susceptible to ownership. Although the municipal government and SME Bureau issued relevant documents, this problem is still difficult to solve. To avoid risks due to asymmetric information, the bank is still implemented service-based credit policy. The lack of effective means of rating and risk control mechanisms are inadequate incentive assessment, as branches vulnerable to credit the impact of regulation, the lack of guarantee institutions co-operation. But in the interest rate market-oriented commercial banks out of the traditional misunderstanding, clear its own position, improve the level of risk control and assessment mechanism to establish a full linkage, make up reasonable loan task, to strengthen guarantee cooperation. Huaian banking sector should in practice innovative ideas and jointly promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Keywords  Small and medium-sized enterprises  Indirect financing  Financial risks