摘 要：受东南沿海地区经济结构升级，劳动密集型产业向中西部地区转移等因素的影响，大量农民工返乡，返乡创业成为了解决“三农”问题的新课题。但由于政府政策支持力度不够等原因，导致农民工返乡创业遭遇融资难、人才缺失、土地资源制约等困境。本课题通过对农民工返乡创业的原因及困境进行分析，认为加大对返乡创业农民工的金融支持力度、加强农民工创业教育培训等举措意义重大。

关键词：农民工；返乡创业；融资难；创业培训

Abstract:With the influence of the upgrading of the economic structure in the southeast of coastal areas and the transformation of the labor-intensive industries to the central and western regions, numerous migrant workers have to return to their hometowns. As a consequence, home business has become a new subject to solve the "three rural issues". But due to some reasons, like the insufficient support from the government, the project is in a plight. It is difficult to raise funds and employ talents, and the land resources are limited too. Through the analysis of the reasons and predicament that the migrant workers met in their home business, this topic offered some corresponding suggestions to support the migrant workers who have returned home to start a business, such as increasing the financial support for the returning migrant workers, strengthening the migrant entrepreneurship education and training and so on.

Key words：migrant workers；returning home to start a business；financing difficulty

；entrepreneurship training

近几年，由于东南沿海地区经济结构升级、农村地区经济投资环境不断改善等原因，大批农民工返乡创业。农民工返乡创业成为了推动新农村建设的重要力量，且有利于优化农村的资源配置，推动农村经济发展，对农村城镇化的影响深远。因此，解决农民工返乡创业难这一问题是重要且必要的一项任务。目前，部分返乡农民工经过多年在外打工的经验积累，自身已经具备了创业的初始条件，而且国家也高度重视农民工返乡创业，并且出台了诸多的优惠政策。《国务院关于解决农民工问题的若干意见》中明确提出“返乡创业的农民工，带回资金、技术和市场经济观念，直接促进社会主义新农村建设”。但是，农民工返乡创业仍面临着许多问题。诸如启动资金缺乏、土地资源限制、自身素质普遍偏低、相关政策服务不够到位、创业硬件环境差等等。本文拟从探讨农民工返乡创业的困境以及困境产生的原因出发，提出有利于解决上述困境，促进农民工返乡创业的有效建议。