摘 要

　　　自第一部纪传体史书《左传》记载了投降礼仪开始。投降礼仪在历朝历代不断完善和发展。在宋代，投降礼仪得到了一个全面性演变和发展。宋代是古代礼仪完善、成熟的时期。从北宋开始，国家开始制定专门的受降礼仪，受降礼仪被官方明确，并载于国史，《宋史》的礼书中就有受降一目。由于史书对“受降礼仪”做了史料记录，这对“投降礼仪”的内容和形式也是一个很好的反面证明。北宋时期，一些武降的投降礼仪随着时代的发展而消失，文降在投降礼仪中占据统治地位，降表成为主要的投降方式，献俘仪内容的逐渐完善，投降的形式和内容更加具体化。北宋末期的投降礼仪虽然有了跨越式的发展。但至今人们还未对北宋投降礼仪的相关资料进行系统的整理研究。在北宋末期宋徽宗、宋钦宗两位皇帝共同经历了亡国并向金施行了投降礼仪，其中别具特色的投降形式和内容让人耳目一新。

关键词：北宋末期；投降礼仪；降表；献俘仪

ABSTRACT

　　　From the first chronological history books, "Zuo Zhuan" recorded the surrender ceremony started. Surrender ceremony in constant improvement and development of various dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, the surrender ceremony was a comprehensive evolution and development. Song is the sound of ancient rituals and mature period. From the Northern Song, the state began to develop a special surrender ceremony, the official surrender ceremony was clear and contained in the national history, "History of the Song," the surrender ceremony of the book there is a purpose. As the history books of the "surrender ritual" doing the historical record, this "surrender ritual" the content and form is the opposite of a good proof. Northern Song period, the number of weapons surrendered drop the development of rituals disappear with the times, the text down in the surrender ceremony in the dominant, reducing the surrender of the table as a major way, offer prisoners the gradual improvement of the content of analyzer, the surrender of the form and content of more specific of. Surrender of the late Northern Song Dynasty ritual Although there has been leaps and bounds. But so far it has not yet surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty ritual related to the collation of data systems. Huizong in the late Northern Song, Song Qinzong two emperors lived through the implementation of national subjugation and surrender to the ritual of gold, of which the surrender of distinctive form and content refreshing. 

Keywords: Northern end; Surrender ceremonies; Drop table; Offer prisoners instrument