摘要

电视与农村的研究方兴未艾。当电视从“稀有物”转变为“平常之物”后，对边疆少数民族的影响如何成为本文研究的旨趣。为此，本文选择电视“户户通”已经两年的龙凤村作为田野调查地点，以莽人为研究对象，进行为期两周的田野调查，期间记录龙凤村莽人收看电视时的受众构成、节目喜好和遥控器控制权等情况。此外还参与观察莽人收看电视的过程，并开展开放式访谈与结构性访谈。

    除前言和结语外，本文的主体分为三节。“莽人及龙凤村简介”一节介绍了莽人及龙凤村的基本情况；“收视情况”一节描述分析了受众构成体现了收视时间的差别，节目选择取决于节目内容的新颖性与趣味性，而遥控器的掌控权则反映了家庭地位的变迁；在此基础上，本文重点阐释了电视的影响：电视丰富了莽人的精神生活，却也对他们的人际关系和传统文化产生了负面的影响。

    通过本文的简单描述与阐释，希望能呈现当下电视对边疆少数民族的影响，以增加我们对“广电村村通”与“文化扶贫工程”的认识。

关键词：电视普及；受众；节目类型；电视影响；收看心态

ABSTRACT

The research of the relationship between TVs and the rural areas is in the ascendant. As TV changes from “rare matters” into “ordinary stuff”, how do they impact on the minorities living in the border areas is the main concern of this thesis. Therefore, this thesis takes Longfeng village as the site for field investigation, where radios and televisions have entered peoples’ daily lives for two years, and the native Mang people as objects. Two weeks’ field study there has recorded the audience composition, program reference and the control over the remotes when people in Longfeng village are watching TV. Meanwhile open interviews, structured interviews are conducted when the author joins the Mang People to watch TV.

    Except the preface and conclusion, the body of this thesis contains three parts. The part of “Introduction of Mang People and Longfeng Village” gives an overview of Mang people and Longfeng village. The part of “audience information” describes and then analyses that the composition of audience reflects the differences in watching times, that the choice of a program depends on its novelty and interest, and that the control over remotes can reflect the change of family status. On these bases, this thesis mainly expatiates TV’s impact, that is, while enriching Mang People’s mental lives, TV’s have negative impact on the interpersonal relations and their traditional culture and production as well. 

    Hope this thesis, through brief depiction and expatiation, would present TV’s impact on minorities living in the border areas and would increase people’s awareness about the program of “bringing radios and televisions to every village” and the program of “cultural poverty relief”. 

Key Words: audience popularization, audience, types of programs, impact of television, attitudes towards watching