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摘要:《水浒传》是我国古典文学四大名著之一,在有关《水浒传》的评点中,托名明末文学家李贽评点的《李卓吾批评忠义水浒传》和明末清初批评家金圣叹评点的《第五才子书施耐庵水浒传》,可以说是两个典型的代表。然而两位评点者无论是在《水浒传》的创作论还是主题论上,都是大相径庭的。前者说施耐庵“发愤著书”,后者说它“心闲试笔”;前者说《水浒》宣扬忠义,后者说它批评假忠义;前者认为梁山好汉都是大力大贤者,后者则认为他们都是杀人越货之人。总之,“李贽”和金圣叹对《水浒传》的评点,由于他们评点这部作品时所处的社会环境以及各自的思想观点的差异而显示了迥异的面貌。 关键词:《水浒传》,容与堂本,金本,批评比较
ABSTRACT:"The Water Margin" is our country one of the four famous classical literary works ,in the “outlaws” in the comments. Writer Li Zhi at the end Tuoming Ming Comment “Li zhuowu” criticism outlaws of the marsh” and the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty critic Jin Shengtan comments “fifth genius Book Shi Naian” outlaws of the marsh, Can be said to be a typical representative of two. But the comment no matter in “Water Margin” of creation or theme theory, all be quite different. The former said Shi Naian” my readers”, the latter said it “the heart free test pen”; The former preach “Water Margin” said loyalty, the later said it criticized the false loyalty; The former Liang Shan hero are greate sage, the latter believe that they are all kill and rob people. In short, Jin Shengtan in the “Water Margin” the ideological content of the important aspect, with the former as an equal. Comment on the “Water Margin” whether right or wrong, compete, And are also very useful for us to correcty understand the “Water Margin”. Key word: The Outlaws of the marsh,The Rong Yutang , The Jin Shengtan ,Criticism
托名明末文学家李贽评点的《李卓吾批评忠义水浒传》和明末清初批评家金圣叹评点的《第五才子书施耐庵水浒传》,在众多《水浒传》评本中脱颖而出,并将《水浒传》评点推向了最高峰,得到了学术界和广大读者的广泛认可。两个评本从主题思想、批评艺术以及对后世小说研究等方面进行客观分析比较,对《水浒传》推广流传起到了不可替代的作用。通过对两位作家评点的内容进行简要比较分析,体会其艺术构思和思想内容,让更多的人对这部四大名著之一的小说,有更深层次的了解研究。同时,两位学者在评点过程中所表达的思想理论、显现出来的艺术价值和巨大魅力也得到了广泛肯定。他们的评点思想引导读者把握其思想内核和艺术精髓,体会其艺术构思,为我们阅读小说提供了宝贵的理论经验。而关于他们评点思想和理论,无论孰是孰非,其文学价值是无可非议的。他们分别代表着万历中期和崇祯末年《水浒传》评点的两个高潮,在小说研究方面取得了巨大成就。深深影响到了后世小说的创作以及研究,带动了一些作家创作出了许多优秀的作品。
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