摘要:本文首先简要介绍了韦伯官僚制的背景、特征、本质和意义，认为韦伯官僚制最重要的特征在于工具理性。接着，本文参照韦伯官僚制的基本特征考察当代中国官僚制，通过比较，分析当代中国官僚制的特征，找出当代中国官僚制存在的问题——官僚制不足与官僚制异化，并剖析了这一本质问题产生的原因，认为最主要的原因在于中国漫长的非理性官僚制行政实践历史。最后，本文从解构官僚制、完善官僚制以及超越官僚制角度为当代中国官僚制的改革提出政策建议，认为完善官僚制，即增加文化理性、法律理性、技术理性以及经济理性因素是当代中国官僚制改革的当务之急。

关键词：韦伯官僚制；当代中国官僚制；官僚制不足；官僚制异化

Abstract:This paper briefly introduces the background, characteristics, nature and significance of Weberian Bureaucracy at first, arguing that instrumental rationality is the most important characteristic of Weberian Bureaucracy. Then the paper examines the bureaucracy in contemporary China with the characteristics of Weberian Bureaucracy as a perfect model. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the bureaucracy in contemporary China, concludes its trauma, that is, shortage and alienation of bureaucracy and interprets the causes of the problems, arguing that China’s long history of administrative practice of irrational bureaucracy acts as the fundamental cause. In the end, this paper proposes some policy recommendations to the reform of the bureaucracy in contemporary China in the perspective of deconstructing, perfecting and transcending Weberian Bureaucracy, arguing that perfecting Weberian Bureaucracy, that is to say, increasing cultural, legal, technical and economic rationalities should be put on the top of the agenda of the reform of the bureaucracy in contemporary China.

Key Words: Weberian Bureaucracy, bureaucracy in contemporary China, shortage of bureaucracy, alienation of bureaucracy