摘要：医疗事故责任险是目前国外普遍采用的用于处理医患纠纷的一种制度。在医患纠纷出现之后，患者并不直接和医疗机构或医疗人员接触，而是向保险公司申请赔付。该制度产生于二十世纪二十年代，并于五十、六十年代在欧美发达国家中迅速发展，目前已分别形成以美国、英国和日本为代表的三类典型的医疗责任保险模式，不少国家已将其列入法定保险范畴。我国从1999年开始在云南省试点医疗责任保险，之后在上海、北京、深圳等城市铺开试点，截至2011年底，全国已有16个省、自治区、直辖市启动了医疗责任保险的试点研究工作，但是反馈的结果不甚理想。医疗责任保险作为一种转移医院风险、化解医患间矛盾的制度，为什么施行十余年却依然形同虚设呢？目前我国的医疗责任保险存在保险产品单一、医疗机构投保缺乏积极性、相关法律法规尚不健全等问题，本文将分析我国医疗责任保险发展的现状，简单介绍国外成熟的医责险模式并总结其优点，最后结合国内实际情况取长补短，针对存在的问题提出一些个人的见解。

关键词：医疗责任保险  医患关系  我国现状 国外模式

Abstract: Medical malpractice liability insurance is a system for handling medical disputes currently widely used abroad. After the patient disputes arise, the patient does not directly contact with medical institutions or medical personnel, but to the insurance company for payment. The system produced in the 1920s and in the 1950s and 1960s in Europe and the rapid development of the developed countries, has been formed in the United States, Britain and Japan as the representative of three typical medical liability insurance model, not few countries have included in the scope of statutory insurance. From the beginning of 1999 a pilot medical liability insurance in Yunnan Province, after Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and other cities to roll out the pilot, as of the end of 2011, the country has 16 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities launched a pilot study of medical liability insurance, but the results back less than ideal. Medical liability insurance as a risk transfer hospitals, doctors and patients to resolve conflicts between the regime and why the implementation of more than ten years but still in vain? The presence of a single insurance product, medical institutions insured lack motivation, relevant laws and regulations are not perfect present, China's health issues such as liability insurance, this article will analyze the current situation of the development of medical liability insurance, a brief introduction of foreign mature medical liability insurance model and summarize its advantages Finally, with the actual situation from each other, made ​​some personal insights for the problems.

Keywords：Medical liability insurance   Doctor-patient relationship  Status quo   Foreign Models