摘要:本文分析了刑罚的发展历史，认为由重到轻是刑罚发展的一种趋势、是一条主线，刑罚发展的这种趋势是与刑罚的副作用、我国的社会现实分不开的。刑罚的副作用表现为刑罚能够给国家和个人带来的恶；国家要追诉犯罪就要付出刑罚成本，个人受到刑罚惩罚意会着承受痛苦，如果刑罚受到错误使用这种恶就更明显。我国的社会现实是；我国正处在社会转型时期。转型时期的各种价值观念的碰撞使得犯罪急剧上升，面对这种情况我们对刑罚的适用 保持谨慎只有这样才能把刑罚的处罚范围限制在最小限度内。刑罚歉抑性在我国的社会实践中存在的问题表现为；刑罚种类单调并且以有期自由刑为主，死刑条款过多，死刑适用过于宽泛，非监禁刑适用范围狭小，所有这些使得我国刑罚呈现重刑主义的色彩。因此本文从转变重刑主义思维、严格限制死刑的适用和扩大非监禁刑的适用范围，努力实现我国刑罚的轻缓方面入手提出了我国刑罚的发展方向。

关键词：刑罚；谦抑性；轻刑化

Abstract:This paper analyzes the history of the development of penalties, that is from light to heavy penalties for the development of a trend, is a main line, the penalty for the development of this trend is the penalty and the side effects, China's social reality inseparable. Penalty for the performance of the side effects of penalties to the state and individuals to the evil state criminal prosecution will have to pay a penalty of costs, private individuals have been punished Tacit a penalty to bear pain, be wrong if the penalty is even more obvious use of such evil. China's social reality is, China is in a period of social transformation. Transition period of the various values of the collision makes a sharp rise in crime, the face of this situation we remain cautious penalties apply only way to the penalty of punishment within the scope of restrictions in the minimum. Apologized penalty in China's suppression of the social problems that exist in practice for the performance; monotonous type of penalty and to have freedom of the main sentence, the death penalty excessive, the death penalty applied too broad, non-custodial sentence narrow the scope of application, all of which show our country's penalty Misdemeanours and colors. So from this change of mentality in prison, strictly limit the application of the death penalty and non-custodial sentence expand the scope of our efforts to achieve the penalty Qinghuan aspects of the proposed penalty for the development of China's direction. 

Key words: penalty; Qian Yi; Qingxing

在我国现阶段以及将来的一定时期内可以通过以下途径来实现刑罚的轻缓化：（1）加强对管制的执行。我国现在对于管制刑是由公安机关执行的，但是由于公安机关本身还有其他职责，不能胜任对管制罪犯的改造，因此有必要设立一个专门的机构来执行管制刑，惟有如此，才能打消审判人员的顾虑，大胆适用管制刑，而且管制刑也能得到很好的实施。（2）对于被判处管制的罪犯要增加其参加社会公益活动的机会，这样人民群众对管制犯的监督就能落到实处了。（3）发展社区矫正等非刑罚替代措施。在我国的刑罚执行方法中缺乏社区矫正等非刑罚方法，而随着社会的发展这些方法越来越受到人们的重视，人们认识到对罪犯的改造不仅是国家的事也是社会的事，因为罪犯也是社会中的人，刑满释放后终究还是要回归社会的。社区矫正是以监禁矫正相对应的行刑方式，是指将符合社区矫正条件的罪犯置于社区内由专门的机关在相关的社会团体和民间组织以及社会自愿者的协助下，在判决、裁定、决定的期限内矫正其犯罪心里和行为恶习，并促进其顺利回归社会的非监禁刑刑罚执行模式。]这种方法由于是将罪犯置于社会之中进行改造，更有力于罪犯的悔罪和悔改，同时这种方法充分利用了社会资源对罪犯进行改造，符合刑罚经济的思想。