摘要:办公业是随着城市服务业发展 ,对城市经济和城市空间影响很大的一种新兴的具有办公职能的服务业部门。办公业的概念主要包括空间、企业单位、就业类型这三层含义。空间分析的对象来源于真实的地理世界,经过人脑认知形成人脑中的图像 ,表现为场和对象,具体可以抽象为点线面图,最后需要测量表达为计算机所识别的空间数据矩阵的形式。西方国家早期对于办公空间的研究并不是作为专门的研究课题进行的, 而是在一些理论研究中有所反映。进入50年代后,办公业在西方国家发展日益成熟,逐渐成为大城市的支柱产业，理论研究已经相对成熟。结合理论，本文主要研究分析海淀区办公空间格局优化。通过研究分析可以发现，海淀区办公空间格局的演变过程经历了“离散 — 极化 — 扩散 — 稳定”四个阶段。办公空间格局形成的原因为中关村的“热岛效应”和人才的“集聚效应”。仍存在的主要问题为中心区域办公空间格局太过集聚，而局部区域办公空间格局又趋于分散。未来的演变方向为：集聚和分散并存、行业分区明显、办公关联性增强、办公楼向交通沿线集中。对其格局优化提出的建议为：整合空间资源，构筑特色鲜明的办公空间；适当分散办公空间；加强各办公集聚区的内、外部联系；大力发展轨道交通，缓解办公集聚带来的交通压力；以多元化办公带动海淀区的协调发展。

关键词：海淀区  办公空间  格局优化  中关村

Abstract:Official business sector is that, with the development of urban services, the one of new handle official business functions of the service department. The concept of official business including three implications: space,Enterprises and employment type. The object of spatial analysis from the real geographic world, through the human brain to make up images to showing the field and objects, it can be abstracted as point, line and plane graph. Finally need to express to spatial data in the form of matrix that can identified by computer. Official business for the early west is not study as a specialized research, but it is only reflect in some theory. After 50’s, in Western countries the development of official business is getting maturity. Base on the theory, This study mainly studies of official business space structure optimization of Haidian District. Including criteria for the classification and built years of office building of Haidian District, spatial patterns evolution and characteristics of official business space of Haidian District, the reason of spatial patterns evolution of official business space of Haidian District, the problem of spatial patterns of official business space of Haidian District, the countermeasures and suggestions of spatial structure optimization of official business space of Haidian District. We can be found through research and analysis, the pattern of office space of Haidian District has undergone four stages of evolution “scatter, polarization, spread and stablilization ”. The reason of the forming of the pattern of office space of Haidian District is that tropical island effect Haidian District and agglomeration effect of talents. The remains main problem is that office space of the central area is too much high concentration, office space of the local area tend to spread. In the future it will become the coexistence of agglomeration and dispersion, industry division more and more obviously, the relevance of office more Strengthen, office buildings Concentrate to areas of traffic developed. There are some suggest of pattern optimization: integration of space resource; distinctive building in the office space; properly distributed office space; strengthening internal and external links of office's concentrated area; develop Rail transportation to ease the traffic pressure of office's concentrated area; coordinated development of Haidian District in the way of diversity office.

Key word:  Haidian District   Official business space   structure optimization   Zhongguancun