摘要：科举制度到明朝时，它已经成为了一套相当完备的制度，它为明朝选拔了大量的优秀人才，使许多原本无法进入朝廷的平民们拥有了机会，使他们能够进入上流社会。平民进入到统治阶层将生命力和新鲜的思维带去给封建王朝，也就有利于明朝的统治。明代的科举制度在与前代相比中有其独有的四大特点，这四大特点实际上都是围绕“客观与公正”这一原则，学校教育中让学子享有一样的教育，接受相同的教学内容；考试程序中的层层筛选，使平民能够进入到官僚阶级中；考试内容的固定和文举与武举的开设，可以选拔更多的优秀人才，为学子提供更多的机会；对于少数民族的优待政策，则是保证了少数民族的权益，促进民族平等，有利于民族团结；最后考试时的严格防范作弊，最大程度上的保障了考试的公平。

关键词：明代  科举  特点

Abstract:To the imperial examination system of Ming Dynasty, it has become a fairly complete system, which is a large selection of talents for Ming Dynasty, so many civilians had been unable to enter the imperial court who have the opportunity to enable them to enter high society. Civilians into the ruling class to the then feudal dynasty brought vitality and fresh thinking, and this is one of the reasons the Ming Dynasty reign a long time. Imperial examination system of Ming Dynasty in comparison with the previous generation has its unique characteristics of the four, these four characteristics are actually around the "objective and fair" of this principle. Allows students to enjoy the same education and receive the same educational content through school education; Examination procedures of layers of screening, allowing civilians to enter the bureaucratic class; For fixed content of the examination, Wen Ju and Wu Ju opened, can select more talents and provide more opportunities for students; Preferential policies for ethnic minorities, it is to ensure that the rights and interests of ethnic minorities, promote ethnic equality and in favor of national unity; Finally, strictly prevent cheating during examinations protect the fairness of examinations to the maximum extent.

Key words  Ming Dynasty  Imperial Examination System  Feature