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摘要:纳税筹划,顾名思义是指纳税人(包括法人和自然人)依据所涉及的税收环境和现行税法之下,在遵守税法、尊重税法的前提下,规避涉税风险,在目的为实现企业价值最大化,成本最小化的宗旨下,控制或减负税负,有利于实现企业财务目标的谋划、对策与安排。在我国,营业税是商品劳务税体系中的主体税种之一,也是地方税体系中的主体税种,营业税纳税筹划对税收方面具有重要的财政、经济意义,对财政税收起了优化作用。 本文是以涉及到营业税纳税环节的经营活动为例,分析各种经营活动中,企业存在的纳税筹划空间以及存在的问题,根据相关的纳税依据,筹划其合理的纳税筹划方法的同时,分析在纳税筹划中应注意的问题,为企业最大限度地降低成本支出,纳税的风险以及减轻纳税的负担,提高企业的经济效益,从而实现利润最大化提供可靠性的借鉴途径。 关键词: 企业纳税筹划;营业税;纳税对象;税务条例
Abstract:Tax planning refers to the taxpayers, as the name suggests ( including legal and natural persons ) basis involved tax environment and the present tax law, in compliance with the law, respect the tax law under the premise, to avoid the tax risk, in the aim to realize the enterprise value maximization, cost minimization objectives, control or lightening the tax burden, conducive to the realization of enterprise finance the plan target, countermeasure and arrangement. In our country, the business tax is the commodity and service tax system is one of the main taxes, but also the local tax system of the main body categories of taxes, the business tax to the tax is an important financial, economic significance, the financial tax and optimization function. This paper is related to the business tax aspects of the business activities as an example, analysis of a variety of business activities, enterprises in tax planning space and the existence of the problem, according to the relevant tax basis, planning the reasonable tax planning methods at the same time, analysis in tax planning should pay attention to the problem, for enterprises to minimize cost expenditure, tax risk and reduce the tax burden, improve the economic efficiency of enterprises, so as to achieve maximum profits provide reliability reference way. Key Words:Enterprise tax planning; tax,;tax object; tax regulations
本研究的创新之处在于,运用了辩证唯物主义的方法论看问题,科学地、全面地对企业营业税纳税筹划进行分析和评述。本文重点分析了营业税纳税筹划的基本思路,并结合实务设计了若干案例,以增强筹划方案的可操作性。在企业营业税筹划实务中,尽可能多地考虑除营业税以外的多方面的税负影响,以实现企业价值最大化,与企业的战略管理保持一致。 纳税筹划是一门边缘学科,需要综合运用会计、税法、财务管理、法学、企业管理等诸多学科,需要知识素养和能力水平的要求很高,加上受到时间、人财物力和收集资料等种种因素影响,本研究尚存在着许多不足,文中所述的观点及对设计的案例所限定的假设条件均可能有诸多欠妥之处,以上不足都需要在未来通过对企业实际的应税行为的观察与总结来作进一步的研究和完善。 由于所学知识有限,本文只是从我国现行的营业税税制和税率出发,对营业税纳税筹划的方法进行研究。但税制的变化和营业税税率的不同,所得税纳税筹划的具体方法也有所不同,这一问题还有待以后进一步研究。
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