摘要:2011年是我国加入WTO十周年。在过去10年中，我国参与WTO争端解决机制逐步深入，当前已成为主要参与者，成绩来之不易。在此过程中，我国不仅需处理具体案件中的问题，还不断面临一些制度层面挑战。本文以诉欧碳钢紧固件反倾销案为视角，分析我国在加强参与和利用WTO争端解决机制方面所可能面临的一些制约因素，即相关机构的缺失、国内立法的不完善，继而从建立专门机构、完善相关立法等两个方面提出行之有效的应对策略。

关键词：起诉；应诉；WTO争端解决机制；诉欧碳钢紧固件反倾销案

Abstract:It is the tenth anniversary for China joining WTO in the year of 2011. In the past 10 years, our country’s participation in WTO Disputes Settlement System (DSU) has become deeper and deeper.So far,our country has become the primary actor of DSU and our achievements are hard achieved. In the process, our country not only needs to handle specific problems in the case, but also faces some challenges of system aspects constantly.

　　　This thesis is tending to take the carbon steel fasteners lawsuit anti-dumping case as a visual angle, to analyze the factors which restricting China's actively participating in WTO-DSU. It includes the deletion of domestic relevant organization construction and the faultiness of domestic law. So that the corresponding countermeasures have to be proposed which are establishing special agencies and expediting the legal system construction.

Key words: prosecution；response；WTO-DSM；the carbon steel fasteners lawsuit anti-dumping case

　　　自WTO成立以来,多年的实践已充分证明，WTO争端解决机制是整个WTO体系中最具有核心地位的机制。我国已加入WTO，这就表示我国一旦与WTO其他成员方发生贸易争端，就可以借助于WTO。我国入世十年来，随着我国国际贸易的增长，我国政府已经意识到，利用WTO争端解决机制处理与其他WTO成员的贸易争端会越来越普遍。我国政府对待WTO争端解决机制的态度也越来越理性。在WTO争端解决机制下，起诉是运用规则为导向的法律手段敦促成员切实遵守WTO规则和承诺，应诉是通过正当法律程序捍卫成员的合法权利和贸易利益。如果运用得好，WTO争端解决机制会成为我国抗衡美国、欧盟对我国采取的贸易保护主义措施的一件有力武器。