摘要

随着我国经济的不断增长，人民群众的生活水平不断提高。同时，政府在宏观调控中，利用政策不断鼓励和推动消费，消费已经成为我国经济增长的主要动力。我国人口数量庞大，人民群众对于消费品的需求不断增加，这也为百货销售行业带来了巨大的发展潜力。本文希望通过对广东省百货行业的龙头公司－广百股份进行财务报告分析，目的在于了解并掌握运用财务报告分析方法，同时研究百货销售行业的状况。

财务报告分析是根据企业定期编制的财务报告等资料，运用专门的分析方法，对企业过去的财务状况、经营成果和财务状况变动进行剖析、评价，对未来前景进行预测，其目的在于确定并提供财务报告数字中包含的各种趋势和内在关系，为各有关方面提供有助于其决策的有用信息。

本文首先从内外部环境分析切入，着重宏观因素、百货销售行业现状和企业自身三方面，对百货销售行业上市公司广百股份的财务报表进行分析研究。其次，利用广百股份2009 年-2011 年的上市公司年报，结合广百股份的实际情况，运用财务比率分析方法对其的偿债能力、营运能力、盈利能力、发展能力等财务情况进行分析，并且运用雷达图分析法、杜邦分析法对公司财务状况进行综合分析。最后，依据各章节的分析结果，找出广百股份存在的管理问题，并且针对这些问题提出相应的建议。

关键词：财务分析，百货行业，广百股份

Abstract

The constant growth as our country economy, people's living standards continue to improve. At the same time, the government in macroscopical adjusting control, use policy to encourage and promote consumption, consumption has become the main driving force of economic growth in china. Our country huge population, people's increasing demand for consumer goods, the department store sales industry has brought the great potential of development. This article hopes to Guangdong Province the leading department store industry Company Canton hundred shares of financial report analysis, aims to understand and master the use of financial report analysis method, at the same time research department store sales industry status.

Financial report analysis was based on the regular establishment of enterprise financial report data, using special analysis method, the enterprise the past the financial position, results of operation and financial condition changes analyze, evaluate, and to predict future prospects, the purpose of which is to identify and provide financial report contains various digital tendency and internal relations, for all concerned parties to provide useful information to the decision.

This paper from the internal and external environment into the analysis, this paper macroscopical factors, retail sales industry status and the enterprise itself three aspect, to the department store sales companies acquired the financial statements of the shares were analyzed. Secondly, the use of acquired in 2009-2011 shares of the listed company's annual report, combined with the practical situation of the acquired shares, use of financial ratio analysis method of its debt paying ability, operation ability, profit ability, the ability to develop, financial analysis, and use the entirely analysis, dupont analysis on the comprehensive analysis of the financial status. Finally, according to the results of analysis of each chapter, and find out the existing problems of management acquired shares, according to these problems and puts forward relevant Suggestions.

Key words: Financial Analysis, The Department Store Industry , Canton hundred shares