摘要：国家助学贷款是党中央、国务院为实施科教兴国战略,加速人才培养,特别是使经济较困难优秀青年得以深造的重大决策。在国家助学贷款实行的十年间,不仅完善了高等学校经济困难学生的资助政策体系,解决了很多贫困生上学难的问题。但在其发展历程中也存在很大的隐患。面对政策性目标与商业性运作之间的矛盾,国家助学贷款也存在风险大、成本高的忧患,还存在着道德风险的阻碍,更为致命的是助学贷款制度本身有不完善之处。针对以上一些问题,通过树立市场化的信贷理念,来提高助学贷款的效率,同时建立和加强国家助学贷款风险的应对策略和补偿机制,使国家助学贷款的个人信用体系得到健全,使国家助学贷款工作达到预期的目标。

关键词：国家助学贷款 风险补偿机制 个人信用

Abstract:  National student loans are the major decisions through which the CCP and the State Council can carry out the strategy of promoting country with science and education and quicken talents to foster. Besides, it enables excellent youth with economic difficulties to study further. During the ten years' implement of national student loans, it not only improves the university students of the Student Financial Assistance Policy System but also solves the problem that poor students can receive an education. Nevertheless, there is a very big hidden danger in its development. In the face of the contradiction between policy objective and commercial operation, national student loans have the fear of higher risks and costs as well as the obstruction of moral hazard. What's worse, national student loan itself have imperfections. For the above problems, people can establish marketing credit concept to improve the efficiency of student loans. Meanwhile, people may set up and strengthen the strategies and compensation mechanism of national student loans. In this way, its individual credit system can be sound and the study-loan policy will meet its expectations.

Keywords:  National Student Loan; Risk compensation mechanism; Personal credit 

　　由于银行面临较高的违约风险，因而在学生贷款上出现严重的“惜贷”行为，不愿扩大学生贷款规模，使得国家、银行、高校和学生四位一体的贷款机制出现危机。而在校的许多大学生缺少了诚信等方面品德教育，同时他们涉世不深，没有深刻理解诚信品质对一个人的生存所产生的重要意义，因此他们毕业后不久便“失踪”，既不主动联系学校和银行，也不能按时归还贷款利息，甚至连本金都不归还，导致了违约率不断上升。随着学生贷款的逐步展开，助学贷款制度在运行中暴露出的诸多问题已不单单是某一所高校，在各地区的高校中推行也同样存在。因此,我们需要对国家助学贷款政策进行重新认识和反思。