摘要:信息时代，信息技术（Information Technique,简称IT）提高了企业的产品或服务开发及生产的速度以及对市场的适应能力，在企业的市场竞争力方面发挥着极其重要的战略作用。因此，越来越多的企业开始重视IT项目的投资，然而实际上项目实施的结果却往往不尽人意，IT项目暴露出来的问题也日益突出。据调查，只有26%的IT项目是成功的（即所有IT 项目中仅有26%是准时完工、不超出预算并且所有特点和功能都符合最初的设想），其中只有37%的IT项目在计划时间内完成，42%的在预算内完成。

　　　结合IT项目的发展现状，尽管项目的风险管理研究在我国已有几十年的探讨历史，但是到目前为止还未有成文的理论是针对IT项目所存在的风险因素而采取的各种风险工具进行研究和对比。因此，IT项目的高风险特征以及越来越大的社会需求，赋予了深入探讨本课题的现实意义。

　　　本论文首先研究了整个IT项目设计的过程，同时详细分解了每个过程存在的具体风险。其次根据具体风险简要概括与IT项目相关的总体风险，最后探讨各种风险分析技术工具的内涵，进而对各种技术工具比较研究，从而对各种存在的风险因素进行风险影响、风险概率以及风险值的估计。

[关键词]：IT项目；风险因素；风险工具

Abstract:The information age, information technology (Information Technique, referred to as IT) to improve the enterprise's product or service development and production of speed and ability to adapt to the market in the enterprise's market competitiveness play an extremely important strategic role. Therefore, more and more enterprises begin to attach importance to IT projects and the practice, however, the results of the project implementation is often unsatisfactory, IT project exposed the problem is increasingly prominent. According to the survey, only 26% of IT projects are successful (that is, all IT projects, only 26% are completed on time and within budget, and all features and functions are in line with the original idea), of which only 37% of IT projects in the planning period of time to complete, 42% completed within budget. 

    IT project development with the status quo, despite the project's risk management research in China has several decades of history, but there has not yet been documented theory is that for the IT project risk factors inherent in the various risk management instruments adopted conduct research and comparisons. Therefore, IT projects in high-risk characteristics as well as the growing social needs, given the depth of the practical significance of this issue. 

    This paper first studies the entire IT project design process, accompanied by detailed decomposition of the existence of specific risks for each procedure. Second, a brief summary of specific risk and overall IT project-related risks, the final risk analysis tools to explore the meaning and thus comparative study of various technology tools to the risks of various risk factors that influence the risk probability and risk value estimates. 

[Key Words]：IT project；Risk factors；Risk analysis tools