摘  要:电阻的测量方法有很多，除了常见的欧姆表法、伏安法外，还经常用到等效法、半偏法、电桥法、兆欧表等等。各种测量方法都有其特点和适用场合，采用何种方法必须根据相应的实验条件并遵循一些基本原则:如“安全性”、“精确性”、“方便性”并兼顾到“误差小”、“用少”“耗电少”等，灵活选用。本文采用六种不同的方法测量电阻的阻值，并对其原理、应用以及优缺点作具体分析。得出替代法测量电阻试验方法简单、结果准确，通过电流表、电压表的电流不影响被测电路电流的流量，不吸收被测电路的功率，故减小了测量误差。

关键词:电阻；直接测量；间接测量；误差

ABSTRACT:There are many resistance measurement method, in addition to the common ohmmeter method, voltammetry, but also frequently used and so likewise, half deviation, the bridge method, megger and so on. A variety of measurement methods has its own characteristics and application of occasions, using what methods must be based on appropriate experimental conditions and follow some basic principles: such as "security", "accuracy", "convenience" and take into account the "small error" , "with less", "power consumption", etc., flexible choice. In this paper, six different methods to measure resistance value, and its principles, applications, and advantages and disadvantages for specific analysis. Measurement of resistance testing drawn alternative method is simple, accurate, through the ammeter, voltmeter, the current does not affect the measured circuit current flow, does not absorb the power of the circuit under test, it reduces the measurement error.

Keywords: Resistance; Direct Measurement; Indirect Measurement; Error