摘要：日本的天皇制可以说是世界历史上存在时间比较长的君主制度。它作为一种制度，经历了古代、近代、现代三个不同的发展阶段，至今已有1300多年的历史。并且在这么长的时间中，其皇室从未被取代，天皇制也从未间断，这在王室、王朝兴亡更迭异常激烈的世界历史中是极其罕见的，可以说绝无仅有。天皇制可以说既是历史学的问题，也是政治学的问题，准确客观地研究分析天皇制，可以让我们更加深入准确地了解日本，从而制定出科学的对日政策。因此，本文将着眼于日本天皇制得以续存至今的原因，从日本的国内因素及国际因素两个大的方面入手，来对这一问题进行一些探讨。其中，国内因素又分为自然环境、文化环境、精神构造、社会结构、天皇制自身特征等方面，国际因素就是二战后的国际形势，主要是其中的美国因素和中国因素。

关键词：天皇制  长期存在  国内因素  国际因素

Abstract: Japan's Mikado system can be said to exist in the history of the world with a very long time. As an institution, it has experienced ancient, modern, postmodern three different stages of development, and it has been 1300 years of history. In such a long time, the royal family has never been replaced, Mikado has never stopped, which in the royal family, the change of dynasties rise and fall of fierce history of the world is extremely rare, it can be said unique. Mikado can say that the problem is not only history, but also the problem of political science, accurate and objective research and analysis Mikado, allows us to be more in-depth and accurate understanding of Japan, so as to formulate a scientific policy towards Japan. Therefore, this article will focus on the causes of Japan's imperial system to be surviving so far, starting from the two major aspects of domestic factors and international factors in Japan to carry out some research on this issue. Among them, the domestic factors are divided into the natural environment, cultural environment, mental structure, social structure, Mikado's own characteristics, the international factor is the international situation after World War II and the United States and China factor is the most important factor.

Key words: Mikado System  long-standing  domestic factors   international factors