摘要：小学生是特殊的社会群体，这一时期正是他们身体、心理、社会适应三维健康和谐发展的重要时期，是学生体育意识、运动习惯和终身体育能力的形成和培养的关键时期，体育是学校教育的一部分，对身心健康有特殊的教育功能，由于课外体育锻炼的空间广阔、内容丰富、形式多样、它的灵活性，选择性能比较好，满足不同年龄、性别，不同兴趣爱好，不同基础水平学生的不同要求，这对发展学生的个性、提高锻炼的积极性、自主性和创造性形成各人个性心理特征有着积极的作用。在我国，上体育课的时间毕竟是有限的，体育课也只是一种手段，教会学生自觉地进行课外锻炼才是目的。课外体育锻炼与体育课是相互联系的、互相促进的，是体育课的延续和发展。论文试图通过对南京市小学生关于课外体育锻炼的调查访问、分析小学生课外体育锻炼存在的不足及原因，为加强学生课外体育锻炼提供一定的依据。

关键词：小学生  体育   课外活动

Abstract: The primary school students are a special social group, this period of primary school is important for their physical, mental and social adaptation and healthy development , and it is also a critical period for students ‘formation of sports awareness, exercise habits and the establishment of lifelong physical ability. Sport is one part of school education with its special educational functions on physical and mental health. Due to the reason that it is vast for extra-curricular physical exercises’ spaces, its richness in content and diversity, its flexibility, better choice performance, it can meet the students of different ages and genders, different interests,  different developing degrees and different levels of requirements, which will make a positively effect on  the students’ personality development, improve initiative, independence and creativity for exercises, and form psychological characteristics of each individual. In our country, the time for physical education is limited after all; physical education is just a means to teach students to consciously join the outdoor activities. Extra-curricular physical activity and physical education are interrelated and mutually reinforcing, Extra-curricular physical activity is a continuation and development of physical education. 

Through surveys on extra-curricular physical activities of students in Nanjing, analysis on their shortcomings of physical exercise and reasons for that, this paper attempts to provide basis to strengthen the students’ extra-curricular activities.

Key words: primary school student, physical education, extracurricular activities.