摘要：学生最初的语言活动是从家庭开始的，家庭是学生语言发展的土壤。由于这个土壤的不同，致使孩子语言能力发展差异较大。本文从家庭语言环境切入，通过调查研究探寻造成小学生语言能力差异的家庭教育原因。调查发现影响小学生语言发展的家庭因素主要有：小学生及家长的基本素质；家庭语言环境，包括学生家庭语言使用习惯、家长教养方式、家庭交往中语言表达机会、父母表达方式等方面。根据上述因素分析，建议应从提高家长的思想意识、整合学校—社会资源、发挥教师的引导作用这三方面入手，科学有效地培养学生的语言表达能力，营造有助于学生语言发展的家庭语言环境，为培养未来社会的合格公民做准备。

关键词：小学生   语言发展   家庭语言环境

Abstract：The original language of the students activities begins at home, the family is the soil of language development of students. Because of this different soil, resulting in large differences in children’s language development. This paper cut into the family language environment, through research to explore differences in language ability caused by primary cause of family education. Impact of primary language development survey found that family factors are: the basic quality of students and parents; home language environment, including students’ home language use habits, parent rearing, family relations in the language of opportunities, parents to express their ways. Based on the above factors, recommendations should improve the awareness of parents’ thinking, integrated schools - community resources; teachers play the role of these three aspects, scientific and effective to train students in language skills. To create a good home language environment can help students develop their language skills, to prepare for the training of qualified citizens in the future society.

Key words：Students；Language development；Home language environment

笔者此次调查研究包括三个方面：一、调查小学生家庭语言环境现状；二、分析家庭语言环境中影响小学生语言发展的主要因素；三、提出对于创设良好家庭语言环境的具体建议。通过此次调查研究，笔者试图达到以下目标：本研究的研究对象是处于特殊年龄阶段的小学生，分析其家庭语言环境对于其自身语言发展的影响，更具有针对性，在一定程度上可以补充大众对于小学生语言发展认识方面的空白点；本研究试图在分析与思考的基础上，探索出在家庭中培养小学生语言能力的有效方法，可为小学生家庭教育提供借鉴。