Abstract:Looking back at the American history, we can see clearly that the black people fluenced the history of America, in politics, economy and culture. In history, they went through all kinds of difficulties and struggled for racial equality and freedom. Movement of liberation is the Beginning of the struggle, then it culminates in civil rights. Thus the whole process pushes forward the development of American society. My dissertation focuses on the position of black people and the reasons of Civil Rights Movement. Blacks occupy an important position in American history. At the same time, huaman rights is an indispensable ingredient and the development of civilization of a united multinational country, which is both the guarantee for peaceful development and an efficient weapon against the resurgence of racial discrimination.

Key Words: the role of black people; American history; the racial discrimination

摘要:从美国的历史可以清楚的了解黑人对美国的政治、经济和文化有着重要的影响。他们经历了各种各样的困难和挫折，进行了各式的斗争，为的就是争取民族平等和自由。美国黑人的解放运动是黑人斗争史的开端，民权运动期间达到顶峰。整个斗争过程对美国历史的发展起到推动作用，更是使美国人权得到发展。本文重点剖析了美国黑人的地位和民权运动产生的原因。黑人在美国历史上扮演着非常重要的角色。同时，应当重视多民族国家的文明发展，从而避免种族歧视对和平发展的遏制。

关键字：黑人的角色；美国历史；种族歧视