Abstract：Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900) was an Irish playwright, poet and author of numerous short stories and one novel. Known for his biting wit, he became one of the most successful playwrights of the late Victorian era in London, and one of the greatest celebrities of his day. In public eyes, he belongs to “the alternative society”. His quaint style of dressing, trenchant wit and eloquence, aesthetic belief of “art for art’s sake” and sexual orientation make a mystery of him. 

　　Wilde’s tales are never prepared for children. It is too real, too splendid and too decadent that world of Wilde’s tales. Both The Nightingale and Rose and The Birthday of Infanta, show us a world of adult’s views. That world is not showed by hypocrite.

　　The Infanta of The Birthday of Infanta, is beautiful，but kindless. The role broke the tranditional culture deeply, because tranditional role of Infanta was innocent and kind, nearly handicap. That is the words’ charm.Because knew a little history, he/she knows The Court was the centre of political whirlpool. If a person grew in those conditions , will she be an “innocent” person? Victoria's high society seems to be a grand masquerade ball. My paper will show an exposure of aestheticism of Wilde thought The Birthday of Infanta.

Key words: Oscar Wilde；aestheticism；The Birthday of Infanta

中文摘要：奥斯卡王尔德 (1854年10月16日～1900年11月30日)爱尔兰诗人，剧作家，一篇小说和短篇故事集的作者。他以深刻的讽刺作品而闻名，他是维多利亚晚期的伦敦最著名的剧作家。在公众眼里，是另一个世界的人。他那引人注目的服饰，机智的谈吐，提出“为艺术而艺术”的美学信仰以及性取向等问题贯穿他的一生，关于他的作品和生活的讨论仍然受公众的瞩目。甚至在他死后多年，时间都无法抹去他神秘华丽的魅力，反而吸引了一代又一代的人为其痴狂。

　　王尔德的童话，似乎从来就不属于儿童，童话展现了一个过于真实，过于华丽，也过于颓废的世界。无论是《玫瑰与夜莺》还是《西班牙公主的生日》，作品展现的不是道德提倡的那种假惺惺的 “美”，而是一个成人眼中世界。

　　《西班牙公主的生日》中的女主角——西班牙公主，美丽而残忍，彻底打破了传统童话中公主美丽但是单纯善良到几乎是弱智的形象。而这恰恰是作品的魅力所在。稍有历史常识的人都清楚，宫廷是政治漩涡的中心，试想一个在这样一个环境中长大的人如何“一尘不染”?文章将从《西班牙公主的生日》一文探究王尔德对美的另一种诠释。

关键词:奥斯卡王尔德；美学；西班牙公主的生日