Abstract:The Afro-American women suffered from the racial discrimination and the gender discrimination, which made them live a miserable and unequal life. The Civil Rights Movement was a movement that the Afro-Americans including the Afro-American women fought for the equal civil rights including the educational right with whites. To some extent, the Civil Rights Movement changed status of the Afro-Americans, especially the status of the Afro-American women. The Afro-American women expected to save themselves and changed the unfortunate destiny by improving the level of receiving education. They changed their thoughts and fought against traditional ideas. They regarded receiving education as one of ways of getting rid of their miserable life. So they tried their best to fight for the educational right during the Civil Rights Movement. Therefore, it is necessary to learn more about the backgrounds of acquiring the educational right of the Afro-American women during the Civil Rights Movement. The paper aims to give readers a better understanding of Afro-American culture.

Key words: Afro-American women; Civil Rights Movement; Educational right; Backgrounds

中文摘要:黑人妇女承受着种族歧视和性别歧视的双重压迫。因此，她们一直过着痛苦不堪和毫无平等的生活。民权运动是黑人包括黑人妇女为争取和白人一样平等的公民权（包括教育权）所进行的一场权力斗争。在一定程度上，民权运动改变了黑人的地位，尤其是黑人妇女的地位。黑人妇女期望通过提高受教育的程度来拯救自己和改变其自身悲惨的命运。因此，她们极力转变自己的观念并反对传统世俗的约束。她们认为接受教育是她们摆脱悲惨命运的一种方式。于是，在民权运动中她们竭尽全力去争取和白人一样平等的教育权。因此，了解黑人妇女在民权运动期间争取教育权的背景是很有必要的。文章的目的在于使读者对美国黑人文化有更好的了解。

关键词：黑人妇女；民权运动；教育权；背景