摘要：行政诉讼第三人作为行政诉讼制度的一个重要组成部分，对于最大限度的保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法利益具有重要的意义。但由于我国立法的不完善，行政诉讼第三人制度存在缺陷，理论实务上都存在争议。本文将主要从三个方面分析讨论行政诉讼第三人:首先是行政诉讼第三人范围的界定。行政诉讼第三人内涵中“利害关系”应包含直接利害关系和间接利害关系两种情形，行政主体也能够成为行政诉讼第三人及其原因；其次是对行政诉讼第三人制度的比较法考察。借鉴德国和我国台湾地区的诉讼参与人制度，从种类，范围和程序三方面分析借鉴；最后是行政诉讼第三人类型划分。分析完我国类型划分的缺失原因后，认为我国行政诉讼第三人可以划分为必要诉讼参加人，普通诉讼参加人和辅助诉讼参加人。

关键词：行政诉讼 第三人 利害关系  比较法  类型

Abstract: The system of the third party in administrative litigation is a important part in the administrative procedure field, which can protect the legitimate interests of the citizens, legal persons and entities without legal personality. However, due to the imperfection of our legislation, the system of the third party in administrative litigation has defect, there is a dispute on both theory and practice. In this paper, I will analysis the third party of administrative litigation form three: firstly, the paper defines the scope of the third party in administrative litigation. The meaning of interested relation should include the directly interested relation and indirectly, and the administrative authorities can be the third party in administrative litigation; secondly, the research of the third party in administrative litigation need to absorb and reference similar systems of other countries’ and regions’ such as Germany and China Taiwan from the type, scope and procedures; Lastly, the paper analysis the type of third party in administrative litigation. After analyzed the problems existing in the type of the third party, it can be classified into three types: The necessary participants, the ordinary participants and the secondary participants.

Key words: Administrative litigation; The third party; Interested relation; The comparative law; Type