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摘要:惩罚性赔偿制度是与补偿性赔偿制度相对应的赔偿制度,它起源于英美法系国家,但对大陆法系国家也产生了深远的影响。我国属于大陆法系国家,在民事赔偿领域传统上认为损害赔偿的目的仅在于补偿受害人的损害。随着时代的发展,补偿性损害赔偿制度的局限性日益凸现,完善我国的惩罚性赔偿制度成为当务之急。本文对惩罚性赔偿制度进行了初步探讨,介绍了惩罚性赔偿制度在我国的现状,分析了我国扩大使用惩罚性赔偿制度的必要性和可行性,并提出了完善我国惩罚性赔偿制度的具体措施。 关键词:惩罚性赔偿责任;补偿性赔偿责任;必要性;可行性
Abstract:The punitive damage system is a sort of damage system,which is opposed to compensatory damage system.. It was originated in the common law countries.But it has been producing some effect on the civil law countries.China’s legal system falls into the category of the continental legal system traditionally, in the area of civil compensation,compensatory damages is designed to compensate the victim,and thus the whole civil compensatory system has actual damages as its basis.However,the limitations of such a system in today’s world have been brought to broad light.The author of this essay thus thinks it urgent that proper punitive damages be build up in China.The article discusses the author’s option in four sections.The article tells the condition of punitive damages in todady’s China and analyzes the necessity and feasibility to enlarge the range of appliance of the system. Key words: punitive damage;compensatory damage ;necessity;feasibility
惩罚性赔偿制度在我国立法上被规定,表明这一在英美法国家独特而富有争议的制度正慢慢地融合于我国的法律文化,正慢慢地改变着我国某些法律传统。然而这仅仅是个开始,充分借鉴世界各国在惩罚性赔偿制度方面的成功经验,还有很长的路要走。惩罚性赔偿制度本身不是什么所谓的“毒瘤”和“畸道邪说”,它具有独特的功能和调整手段,在现代社会中有其存在的合理性,但该制度本身是一把双刃剑,对该制度的适用必须把握一个度,因此必须认真审视社会的现实要求,从而对它的适用范围和条件以及具体操作等问题做出规定。我们所处的年代是转变中的年代,社会生活正发生着日新月异的变化,因此法律的发展亦要与时俱进。作为民法理论而言,应紧跟时代的步伐,并应不断更新完善,方能保持旺盛的生命力。
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