摘要:　对底层苦难的写作是张承志写作的一个基本命题。本文主要从作者出生的时代背景和社会环境把握作者内心思想，从都市贫民到草原底层牧民角色的转换以及回归都市后迷茫、失望，离开都市，重回底层；走进西部底层，融入宗教，背弃主流价值观，认同底层人民的价值观论述其底层立场。

关键词    苦难，底层立场，都市，西部，心灵

ABSTRACT:Writing for the suffering of the underlying Zhang Chengzhi writing is a basic proposition. This article mainly from the author was born the era background and social environment grasp the inner thoughts, the author from the urban poor to return to city after the transformation of steppe nomads bottom part and confusion, disappointment, leave the city, back to the bottom; Into the west bottom, in religion, backing out of the mainstream values, this paper discusses the underlying values of the underlying people position.

Key Words:  Suffering，The underlying position，City，West，Heart