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摘要:司汤达的《红与黑》是法国文学史上一部反映现实主义的名著,它以爱情为主线反映了十九世纪法国社会的内部矛盾与阶级斗争。主人公于连——一个平民阶层的青年,他的爱情非常具有代表性。在事业日上的历程中于连和四个阶级的女性发生了恋情关系:与平民阶级中艾丽莎的“趣味之爱”、与小资产阶级中阿曼达的“肉体之爱”、与大资产阶级中德瑞纳夫人的“激情之爱”、与贵族阶级中玛蒂尔德小姐的“虚荣之爱”,其中与平民阶级和贵族阶级女性的两种爱情形成鲜明的对比,前者的爱情因为阶级地位的卑微没有得到发展,后者的爱情由于阶级地位的悬殊,社会等级观念的森严,在当时黑暗的社会没有结成正果。本文从爱情与阶级的视觉来分析其中联系,从作者的角度出发来研究小说中一定环境下的爱情特点,来挖掘小说中爱情的现实意义。 关键词:爱情;阶级;社会环境;爱情悲剧
ABSTRACT:Stendhal's the red and the black is France part literature reflects the masterpieces of realism, with love as the main line reflects the 19th century France the internal contradictions of social and class struggle. Hero Yulian-a civilian-class younth, his love is very representative. In the course of business booming,Yulian and the four classes of women occurred love relationship:with civilians sectors Eliza's "fun of love", and with petty-bourgeois in Amanda's "flesh of love", and with big bourgeoisie in the deruina lady's love "passion of love", and with the nobles class Miss Mathilde's "vanity of love",in which ,civilians class and nobles class women of two species love formed sharp of comparison, former love has not been deelopmented because of humble class status , love of the latter due to class status of disparity, hierarchical society rigidly hierarchical,in the dark society did not has no result at that time. This article from the vision of love and class to analyze links, from the point of view of the author to work on love under certain environmental features in the novel, love of practical significance in the novel to mining. Keywords:love;class ;social environment;love tragedy
英国作家D.H.劳伦斯说过:“爱是世上的幸福,爱总是被真诚所包围和超越的。不是发自内心的爱,出于深刻目的而进行的艰苦的爱不是幸福,是欠真诚的。”[ D.H.劳伦斯:《论爱情》,《中外名人论性爱·婚姻与家庭》,经济日报出版社,1999年]受社会的影响,于于连来说,要进入上流社会最便捷的道路便是从上流社会的女性入手,开始时他的动机便是不单纯的,有着强烈的阶级意识,在爱情的过程当中也正是他的阶级意识让他不能付出纯粹的爱。他的悲剧不仅仅是个人的,也是一代要冲破封建等级禁锢的平民阶级青年的悲剧。社会的悲剧导致了个人的悲剧,而以艾丽莎、阿曼达、德雷纳夫人、玛蒂尔德为代表阶级的女性也成了这一悲剧的受害者。
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