中文摘要：英语学习集中于听，说，读，写四个环节，而其中的听力是英语学习的一大难点。影响学生听力理解的因素有很多。找到这些因素并采取对应的解决措施是英语教学必须要处理的两大问题。本文基于听力理解的本质，采用文献分析法分析处理数据，介绍了一些在学生听力过程中存在的影响因素并且分析了问题存在的原因。本文旨在初中英语教学中提出一些具体的切实可行的方案。本文包括四章。第一章介绍了选题的背景和意义。第二章介绍了听力与听力能力的概念及三种听力模式。第三章介绍了影响学生听力的因素及一些解决方案。最后一章就本论题给出最终结论。

关键词：英语听力；影响因素；解决措施

Content

Abstract

中文摘要

I.-Introduction-1

1.1 Background-1

1.2 Significance-1

II. Literature review-3

2.1 Listening and listening comprehension-3

2.1.1 The concept of listening-3

2.1.2 The concept of listening competence-3

2.2 Three models of listening-3

2.2.1 The Bottom-up model-3

2.2.2 The Top-down model-4

2.2.3 The Interactive model-4

III. Factors that affect students’ listening comprehension-5

3.1 The situation of insufficient vocabulary and the countermeasures-5

3.1.1 The lack of vocabulary-5

3.1.2 Measures to solve the problem-5

3.1.2.1 Memorizing words by dictation-6

3.1.2.2 Memorizing words by context-6

3.1.2.3 Memorizing words by classification-6

3.2 The problem of speech on listening comprehension and the countermeasures-6

3.2.1 The problem of speech knowledge-7

3.2.1.1 The problem of pronunciation-7

3.2.1.2 The problem of liaison-7

3.2.1.3 The problem of loss of plosion-7

3.2.1.4 The problem of stress-7

3.2.1.5 The problem of intonation-7

3.2.2 Mastering the knowledge of English speech-8

3.2.2.1 Learning pronunciation of phonetic symbols and spelling rules-8

3.2.2.2 Mastering the rules of English speech and practicing-8

3.2.2.3 Imitating English movies and songs-8

3.3 The situation of insufficient knowledge of grammar and the countermeasures-9

3.3.1 The problem of grammar-9

3.3.2 Measures to solve the problem-9

3.4 The problem of cultural background knowledge and the countermeasures-10

3.4.1 Cultural background knowledge-10

3.4.2 The measures to solve this problem-10

3.5 The problem of psychological factors and the countermeasures-11

3.5.1 The problem of psychological and emotional aspects-11

3.5.1.1 The problem of lacking intrinsic motivation-11

3.5.1.2 The problem of lacking extrinsic motivation-11

3.5.2 The measures to solve these problems-12

3.5.2.1 Having a good way to lead-in-12

3.5.2.2 Having self-confidence-12

3.6 The situation of bad listening habits and the countermeasures-13

3.6.1 Bad listening habits-13

3.6.1.1 Trying to understand the meaning of each word-13

3.6.1.2 Practicing less-13

3.6.1.3 Translating English into Chinese.-13

3.6.2 Overcoming bad listening habits-13

3.6.2.1 Trying to understand the whole material-14

3.6.2.2 Practicing listening more-14

3.6.2.3 Thinking in English-14

IV. Conclusion-15

Bibliography-16

Acknowledgements-19