Abstract：With rapid development of political and economic reform, cross-cultural communication has become more and more frequent. One of the most significant manifestations is that the variety and number of the translation of Chinese classical literal works have been increasing. The classics have played a more significant part in spreading culture. The combination of language and culture has formed unique culture-loaded words and expressions. However, it’s really difficult for translators to understand the inherent meaning and find corresponding expressions when translating culture-loaded words. Therefore, how to translate culture-loaded words in Chinese classical literal works precisely is in urgent need to be settled immediately. 

As one of most representative of Chinese classical literal works, Dream of the Red Chamber, a celebrated Chinese classic novel, is a masterpiece of realism written in middle of the 18th century. Therefore, because of the novel’s encyclopedic nature and artistic status, its translation has been an essential issue in the translating circle. 

When translating culture-loaded words and expressions, translators often adopt two major method: domestication and foreignization. This paper aims at studying domestication and foreignization in the translation of culture-loaded words from the perspective of intercultural communication. A typical analysis of some instances of foreignizing and domesticating translations of Dream of the Red Chamber support the above argument. We are in the age of globalization, communication, understanding, tolerance and respect are the only ways to promote cultural coexistence and mutual development.  

Keywords:  Dream of the Red Chamber  domestication  foreignization  culture-loaded words

中文摘要：随着中国改革开放的步伐不断加快，对外的文化交流也日益频繁，越来越多的外国友人对中国文化产生日益浓厚的兴趣。中国文化也应大大方方的与外国友人分享。其中的重要表现之一就是中国古典文学作品对外译介的品种和数量不断增加。古典文学作品在文化传播中扮演着愈发重要的角色。语言和文化的结合构成了独特的文化负载词。但是，对于译者来说，由于巨大的文化差异，在翻译文化负载词的时候，很难理解文化负载词的真实意义，并找到与之相对应的表达。因此，在翻译我国古典文学作品时，如何准确地翻译文化负载词成为我国翻译界迫切需要解决的问题。

 作为中国最具代表性的经典文学作品之一，《红楼梦》是一部18世纪中叶的古典小说，同时也是一部现实主义著作。因其卓越的艺术价值和典型代表性，《红楼梦》在国外的译介一直是翻译研究领域的热门话题。

当翻译文化负载词时，译者最常采用的两种翻译策略是归化和异化。本文从跨文化交际的角度出发，对《红楼梦》杨宪益和霍克斯的两个译本之间的文化负载词按照分类进行分析比较。对译本的实例评析可以支持本文论点。我们身处全球化的时代，加强交流和沟通，互相理解，宽容、尊重文化差异，这是促进文化共存、共同发展的唯一途径。

关键词: 《红楼梦》；归化；异化；文化负载词

Contents

Abstract

中文摘要

Chapter One Introduction-1

1.1 Research Background-1

1.2 A Brief Introduction to Dream of the Red Chamber-2

1.3 A Brief Introduction to two English Versions of Dream of the Red Chamber-2

1.4 The Composition of the Thesis-3

Chapter Two Literature Review-4

2.1 The Definition of Culture-loaded Words-4

2.2 Classification of Culture-loaded Words-4

2.2.1 Ecological Culture-4

2.2.2 Material Culture-4

2.2.3 Social Culture-4

2.2.4 Religious Culture-4

2.2.5 Linguistic Culture-5

2.3 Domestication and Foreignization-5

Chapter Three The Translation of Culture-loaded Words in Two English Versions of Dream of the Red Chamber -7

3.1 Translation of Ecological Culture-loaded Words-7

3.2 Translation of Material Culture-loaded Words-8

3.3 Translation of Social Culture-loaded Words-9

3.4 Translation of Religious Culture-loaded Words-10

3.5 Translation of Linguistic Culture-loaded Words-11

Chapter Four Conclusion-13

References-14