摘要:根据分形理论、相空间嵌入定理和地统计理论，基于塔里木河流域23个气象台站48年（1959—2006年）的年平均气温、年降水量、年平均相对湿度时间序列数据，计算得到流域气温、降水、空气湿度的分形维数，并对分形维数进行空间插值，分析研究了塔里木河流域气候的分形特征，结果表明:（1）分维数由东向西逐渐增大，呈阶梯状，大致分为5个区间，2.87-2.93、2.93-3.00、3.00-3.07、3.07-3.13及3.13-3.20。(2)同气温分维数分布，在地形地势复杂的地方及有地表径流的地方分维数的值较高(3)分维数的最高值出现喀什、乌恰地区，最低值出现在罗布泊地区,即在分维数高与分维数低的地区的降水量分形特征明显。

关键字:塔里木河流域; 分形维数; 空间插值; 降水量

Abstract:This paper’analysis is based on the fractal theory, the phase space reconstruction theory and the geo-statistical theory. The time series are analyzed of annual mean temperature、precipitation and humidity at 23 meteorological stations in Tarim River Basin from 1959 to 2006 to reveal the fractal dimension of temperature and the climate of the Tarim River Basin and analysis the Fractal feature of the climate of the Tarim River Basin on the fractal dimension of spatial interpolation.The results show that::(1) the fractal dimension is Increased gradually from east to West and present Ladder form.It is divided into 5 sections:2.87-2.93、2.93-3.00、3.00-3.07、3.07-3.13 and 3.13-3.20 （2）A system with a large fractal dimension is more complex than that with small fractal dimension and the fractal dimension is higher in some places with surface runoff than that without surface runoff in the same temperature condition .(3) The highest value of the fractal dimension appears in Kashi and Wuqia area and the lowest value appears in Lop Nor area,that means the Fractal feature of precipitation is obvious between the zone of high fractal dimension and the low.

Key Words: the Tarim River Basin; fractal dimension; Spatial interpolation; precipitation