摘 要：花椒籽富含油脂，其中的不饱和脂肪酸具有很好的生理功能。但是花椒籽油中的一些有效成分不稳定，微胶囊技术可以保护敏感组分免受环境的破环，为食品工业的发展做出了很大的贡献。复合凝聚是指带有相反电荷的两种胶体溶液由于电荷吸引混合自发地发生相分离的一种现象。复合凝聚法制备微胶囊条件温和，具有很大的应用潜力。

　　　实验首先用超声波提取法提取花椒籽油，通过响应面分析法确定最佳工艺参数为：液料比14.5mL:g，超声功率137W，超声时间40min，在此条件下花椒籽油的得率为30.03%。复合凝聚法制备微胶囊具有高产率和高效率的优点，本文以甲醛为固化剂，明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材。以包埋率为指标得到最佳工艺参数为：壁材浓度为3%、明胶与阿拉伯胶比例为1:1，芯壁比为1:1，pH值为4.5。在此基础上，微胶囊的包埋率为28.63%。

关键词  花椒籽油；超声波提取；微胶囊；复合凝聚

Abstract：Prickly ash seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acid, which has good physiological function. But some of the effective components of prickly ash seed oil is not stable, microcapsule technology can protect sensitive components from environmental destruction, made a great contribution to the development of the food industry. Complex coacervation refers to the two kinds of colloidal solution with opposite charges attract mixed occur spontaneously due to charge a phenomenon of phase separation. Complex coacervation microcapsules were prepared under mild conditions, has a great application potential.

　　　The first extraction of prickly ash seed oil by ultrasonic extraction experiment, through the analysis to determine the optimal parameters for the response surface: the ratio of liquid to solid 14.5mL:g, ultrasonic power 137W, ultrasonic time 40min, Chinese prickly ash seed oil under this condition was 30.03%. The advantages of complex coacervation microcapsules were prepared with high yield and high efficiency, this paper using formaldehyde as curing agent, gelatin and gum as wall material in Arabia. In the embedding rate to get the optimal parameters for the index: wall material concentration was 3%, gelatin and gum Arabia ratio was 1:1, core wall is 1:1, pH value of size 4.5. On this basis, the microcapsule embedding rate is 28.63%.

KeyWords  prickly ash seed oil  ultrasonic extraction  microcapsule  complex coacervation