摘要：杰克•伦敦是美国著名的作家，小说《野性的呼唤》是其最具代表的动物小说之一。该作品主要讲述的是一只名叫巴克的狗从人类文明社会走向荒野、回归自然的故事。本论文从生态批评视角入手，旨在通过分析《野性的呼唤》的自然生态、社会生态和精神生态，让读者更全面地了解小说的多重生态主题，包括对人类伤害动物、破坏自然的反对，对人际关系冷漠疏远的失望和对资本主义工业文明的批判，以及对人性和道德沦丧的反思，对人与自然和谐相处、回归自然的倡导，为以后对《野性的呼唤》的主题研究提供一些参考和理论依据。当今世界正面临着多重的生态危机，如何正确地处理人与自然的关系，达到自然与社会平衡协调发展，实现人性和自然的回归,重新解读《野性的呼唤》可以带来些许思考和启示，因此具有一定的现实意义。

关键词：野性的呼唤; 主题; 自然生态; 社会生态; 精神生态

TABLE OF CONTENTS

摘要

ABSTRACT

Chapter One Introduction-1

Chapter Two An Overview of Ecocriticism-3

2.1 The definition and development of ecocriticism-3

2.2 A brief introduction to ecological trichotomy-4

Chapter Three Natural Ecological Themes in The Call of the Wild-5

3.1 The relationship between man and nature-5

3.1.1 Abuse on Buck by his masters-5

3.1.2 Man’s dominance over nature-6

3.2 Themes reflected in natural ecology-6

3.2.1 Persecution of animals-6

3.2.2 Destruction of nature-7

Chapter Four Social Ecological Themes in The Call of the Wild-8

4.1 The relationship between man and man-8

4.1.1 The fierce dog’s world as personified human society-8

4.1.2The distorted society-9

4.2 Themes reflected in social ecology-9

4.2.1 Alienation in the society-9

4.2.2 Criticism on industrial civilization-10

Chapter Five Spiritual Ecological Themes in The Call of the Wild-11

5.1 The relationship between man and himself-11

5.1.1 Corruption of Mercedes and John Thornton-11

5.1.2 Buck’s ultimate destination-12

5.2 Themes reflected in spiritual ecology-12

5.2.1 Loss of human morality-12

5.2.2 Returning to nature-13

Chapter Six Conclusion-14

REFERENCES-15

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS-16