摘要：众所周知，语言与文化密不可分。一种语言的文化结构是使用该语言的人或民族的生活方式的总和，包括地理环境、民间传说、寓言神话、社会历史发展、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、价值念、科学技术、文学艺术，等等。英语是世界上使用范围最广的语言之一，众多民族对英语的使用为其增添了独特的语言特色和多彩的文化魅力。英语习语作为一种特殊的语言形式，是英语语言词汇的核心和精华部分，是广大劳动人民智慧的结晶,负载信息量大。若没有习语，英语会黯然失色；而若使用恰当，则会锦上添花。习语的形成与其所属的文化特征紧密相连,语言特征和文化特征常常难分彼此。英语习语是英美文化的重要组成部分，蕴含着丰富的文化特色和文化背景，并且反应了英美文化在宗教信仰，建筑结构，地理，生活习惯和民族心理等方面的民族特色。在人们生活中，“住”是人类生活最基本的生活需求。可见建筑对人民生活产生了很重要的影响,由于“住”与人民生活息息相关,与建筑有关的习语便相伴而生。建筑习语作为习语的一部分，同样折射出民族文化的特点。本文将以英美的传统建筑的主体视角出发，从英美传统民间建筑和英语习语的关系，英美建筑的材料和结构等角度来探索与之相关的英语习语。旨在为英语学习者提供学习英语的另一个途径学习英语习语，进一步促进英语学习者对英语的学习兴趣和促进跨文化交际文化的交流。

关键词：英语习语;  英美文化;  传统民间建筑材料; 传统民间建筑结构

ABSTRACT

An Analysis of English Idioms from the Perspective of Traditional Folk Architecture of Britain and America

As we all know, language and culture cannot be separated. The cultural structure of a language is the combination of the language people used and people’s life style, including  the  geographical environment, folklore, fable, social and historical development, custom, religion, value, science and technology, literature and art ect. English is one of the most widely used languages in the world. The use of English by many nationalities has added to its  unique linguistic characteristics and colorful cultural charm. As a special form of language, English idiom is the core and essence of language. It is the crystallization of massive people’s wisdom and contains an amount of cultural connotations. If there is no idiom, English will be lack of much interest, but if it is properly used, it will add a lot of charm to English. The formation of idioms is closely linked to its cultural characteristics. It is difficult to tell the difference between language feature and cultural characteristic. Culture is the hotbed to nurture idioms. English idiom which is an important part of British and American culture, contains rich cultural characteristics and cultural background, and reflects the national characteristics of British and American culture in religious belief, architectural structure, geography, living habits and national psychology. Among the four basic needs of people’s life-clothing, diet, transportation and housing. It can be seen that architecture has a very important impact on human life. Because “housing” is closely related to people's lives. Idioms associated with architecture are created. As a part of English and American culture, idioms related to architecture also reflect the national culture and characteristics. From the perspective of British and American traditional folk architecture, this paper explores characteristics of English idioms, and English idioms related to British  and  American  architectural  materials  and  structure.  It  aims  to  provide  learners with another way to learn English, further improve English learners’ interest in learning English and promote intercultural communication.

Key words: English Idioms; British and American culture; traditional architectural Building Material; traditional architectural Building Structure