内容简介

《公共演讲：发现你的声音》是教科类文本，指导人们如何成为一名合格的演讲者。全书从演讲前的准备，演讲稿的建立，以及演讲技能养成等方面增加大众对演讲的了解。翻译实践选取第 9 章，内容主要包括构思合理结构的演讲稿应遵循的原则，主体部分的安排，构思开场白以及结论的技巧。 

演讲稿的原则包括简洁性、顺序性和平衡性。简洁性就是要限制主要论点的数量，介绍主要论点时可以用同样的句式来强调主题。平衡性则指演讲正文应该全文中最长的部分，主要论点也应该根据不同的设计来确定论点的排列。接着介绍选择、安排和发展主要论点以及工作提纲。在安排论点部分，作者分别介绍了分类法，比较法，空间法，顺序法等九种设计方法。然后介绍不同的转折词。最后，介绍演讲稿的开场白和结尾。在开场白部分，演讲者要通过示意观众，确认场地以及唤起共同利益和价值等抓住观众的注意力。开场白的作用就是要建立演讲人的信用，概括全文。在结尾部分，演讲人要总结全文，并且要做出反思，呼应开头，重申演讲主题对观众的重要性，呼吁行动等等。 

翻译实践论文分为四部分：内容简介、翻译过程、遇到的问题以及解决办法、总结。基于尤金·奈达的功能对等理论，叶子南的限制性定语从句的翻译理论以及张培基的散文理论来重点探讨俚语，长句以及动词的翻译。 

INTRODUCTION

Public Speaking: Finding Your Voice is a textbook that guides people how to become a qualified speaker. The book aims at improving public understanding of speeches from three aspects, which are the preparation before speech, the establishment of speech, and the development of speaking skills. The translation part is Chapter 9 including the principles of well-structured speech, the arrangement of the main body, and the skills of preparing both introduction and conclusion part.

The principles of the speech include simplicity, order and balance. Simplicity is to limit the number of main arguments. And when introducing main points, the certain sentence pattern can be used to emphasize the theme. Balance means that the text of the speech should be the longest part of the speech, and the main point should determine its arrangement based on different designs. Next, introduce the selection, arrangement and development of main points. In the process of arranging, the author introduces nine designs respectively including categorical, comparison, spatial and sequential design. Then, it introduces additions in different circumstances. Finally, it narrates the introduction and the ending of the speech. In the opening, the speaker should capture the audience's attention by acknowledging the audience, location or by invoking common interests and values. The role of introduction is to establish a speaker's credibility and summarize the speech. At the end of the speech, the speaker should sum up the whole text and reflect on it, echoing the beginning, reiterate the importance of the speech theme to the audience, call for action and so on.

Translation essay includes 4 parts: introduction, the process of translation, problems and solutions, and conclusion. Based on Eugene Nida's functional equivalence theory, the translation theory of restrictive attributive clauses proposed by Ye Zinan and the prose theory of Zhang Peiji, I mainly discuss about the translation of slang, difficult sentences and verbs.