内容简介

本次课题实践所选书籍为《公共演讲：寻找你的声音》，是由 Randall Osborn、 Michael Osborn、 Suzanne Osborn 和 Kathleen J. Turner 共同编写完成的。这是一本教学类的用书，主要用于帮助学生在课堂、工作场所和社区成为一个更好的演讲者。此书从公共演讲的基础、准备、演讲技巧和演讲类型四大方面着手，激发学生演讲的兴趣，提升自信心并获得具有指导性的技巧。该书更是从 16 个小章节，由面到点对公共演讲进行了更细致的层次划分，让读者对公共演讲有了更深的理解。

此次所选取的是本书的第 4 章《成为一个更好的倾听者》，此章从倾听者的视角分析了如何去准备一个有吸引力的公共演讲。毫无疑问，除了“讲”之外，

“听”也是在公共演讲中需要做好的一门必修课。

本章一共有八个部分，前两部分描述了基本的理解性倾听以及它的好处。第三部分列出了倾听时要遇到的各种问题和克服它们的方法。第四、第五和第六部分展示了一个好的倾听者应该具备的特点和承担的责任。最后两部分讲述了评估演讲的正确方法并总结了倾听的黄金法则。

此次翻译实践所选择的部分对公共演讲的初学者有指导作用，它注重倾听能力的培养和练习。更进一步地说，它还指导了演讲者如何撰写一个结构合理并让听众更容易理解的公共演讲稿。没有倾听，也就没有了公共演讲活动。当然，正确地使用倾听技巧对于公共演讲有重大的意义并且可以丰富社交活动。

此次翻译实践的小论文介绍了翻译的过程和翻译过程中遇到的问题及其解决方法，例如某些特殊词汇的翻译、直译法和顺译法的运用和特定语句的翻译等。最后则说明了翻译此类教学用书的意义和目的。

翻译实践原文

Becoming a Better Listener

Objectives: This chapter will help you

Realize the benefits of effective listening Understand the process of listening Overcome barriers to listening

Improve critical listening skills Evaluate messages

Become a more ethical listener

Outline: The Benefits of Effective listening Understanding listening

Overcoming Barriers to Effective listening Becoming a Critical listener

Becoming an Empathic listener

Your Ethical Responsibilities as a listener Evaluating Speeches

Final Reflections: The Golden Rule of Listening

You’re making a presentation in your psychology lab. As you stand before the class, you observe the following:

A young woman in the front row is texting on her cell phone.

A student in the back seems to be sleeping off the effects of an all-night party.

Another student seems to be working on a lab report, typing furiously on her laptop.

Oh, wait a minute—here is a student who seems ready to listen. His desk is clear of everything except a pen and notebook. He has a supportive look on his face as though actually waiting for you to make your presentation.

As you may have surmised from this opening example, a good listener is sometimes hard to find. Legend has it that President Franklin Delano Roosevelt was bemused by the poor listening behavior of people who visited the White House. To test his notion that people didn’t really listen, he once greeted guests in a receiving line by murmuring, “I murdered my grandmother this morning.” Typical responses ran along the lines of, “Thank you,” “How good of you,” and other platitudes of polite approval. Finally he met someone who had actually listened and who responded, “I’m sure she had it coming to her.”

Poor listening can exact a large price. Political leaders may make up their minds about the intentions of other nations and ignore information that does not support their position. Groups may be swayed by one member’s personality and make poor decisions because they don’t adequately process what they are hearing. Juries may not render fair verdicts because they have not listened critically. If you are not listening effectively in a classroom, you may find it hard to do well in the course.